SA

This section describes how requirements in BCBS 457 are implemented in FRTB SA QIS (Standardised Approach).

For full details of the specific measures, see the Standardised Approach.

The formulae and definitions in the BCBS document are not repeated here – instead, references are provided to the relevant paragraphs, as appropriate.

Calculation steps

Standardised approach capital requirement for trading desks that are either out-of-scope for model approval or that have been deemed ineligible to use the internal models approach is given as:

Sensitivity Based Method (SBM)

For each of the “high correlations”, “medium correlations” and “low correlations” scenarios as described in [MAR21.6], [MAR21.7](1) states “the bank must simply sum up the separately calculated delta, vega and curvature capital requirements for all risk classes to determine the overall capital requirement for that scenario”.

So the SBM Risk Charge is defined to be to the highest value of three measures: High Risk Charge, Medium Risk Charge, and Low Risk Charge

See SBM Risk Charge.

Calculations

FRTB SA QIS contains measures for the calculation of risk charges from sensitivities [MAR21.3]. The calculation from sensitivity to risk charge takes place in several steps where the output from one step feeds into the next, creating a chain of calculations. The chain exposes the intermediate measures for:

• Raw (input) sensitivities on a drill through panel and / or pivot view

• Conversion of input sensitivities to a reference currency (if the source systems provide native currency sensitivities)

• Calculation of Weighted Sensitivities

• Calculation of the Risk Position

• Calculation of the Risk Charge

Measures

The output of each stage of the calculation chain is available as a measure that can be displayed.

For each risk class, the aggregated risk charge is as follows:

See Aggregated RiskCharge by Class.

Default Risk Charge (DRC)

For information on configuring the data sets, see DRC Trade Level Files.

DRC Non-Securitisations (Non-Sec)

The approach for the DRC comprises a four-step procedure:

1. The JTD loss amounts for each instrument, subject to default risk, are provided as input to FRTB SA QIS. The gross JTD can either be supplied to FRTB SA QIS, or it can be calculated by the Solution given the LGD, notional and market value.

2. Net long and net short amounts are produced in distinct obligors, by the offsetting of the JTD amounts of long and short exposures with respect to the same obligor (where permissible).

3. The net short exposures are discounted by a hedge benefit ratio.

4. Default risk weights are applied, to complete the process of computing the capital charge.

Offsetting and Hedging

Offsetting is the netting of exposures to the same obligor (where a short exposure may be subtracted in full from a long exposure), while hedging refers to the application of a partial hedge benefit from the short exposures (where the risk of long and short exposures in distinct obligors do not fully offset due to basis or correlation risks). [MAR21.1]

The procedure is specified in the references cited above.

Scaling Factors and Weightings

The scaling factor for maturities less than one year can be calculated by FRTB SA QIS (see references below). A scaling indicator in the data instructs the Solution whether or not to apply the scaling at the granularity of the input data or if the maturity should default to a pre-defined value such as 3 months. The DRC is calculated per bucket and then aggregated. The Hedge Benefit ratio (HBR) and DRC are calculated as described in BCBS 457(see below).

DRC Securitisations Non-Correlation Trading Portfolio (Sec Non-CTP)

The functionality provided is similar to DRC Non-Sec but with bucketing and risk weights configured appropriately.

The default risk weights for “Sec non-CTP” exposures are the SEC-ERBA risk weights for long-term ratings.

DRC Securitisations Non-Correlation Trading Portfolio (Sec Non-CTP)

The functionality provided is similar to DRC Non-Sec but with bucketing and risk weights configured appropriately.

The default risk weights for “Sec CTP” exposures are the SEC-ERBA risk weights for long-term ratings.

Residual Risk Add-On (RRAO)

FRTB SA QIS requires the input data to provide a notional per trade along with an indication as to whether the trade is exotic or not. See input file format for Trade Attributes.

The risk weight is applied at 1% for exotics and 0.1% for non-exotics. To set different RRAOs under different weightings use the Parameter Sets provided in FRTB SA QIS. See Parameter Sets What-If widget.