> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.activeviam.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# SA

export const productName = "Atoti FRTB";

This section describes how requirements in BCBS 457 are implemented in
{productName} (Standardised Approach).

For full details of the specific measures, see the [Standardised
Approach](../../../cube/measures/standardisedapproach/index).

The formulae and definitions in the BCBS document are not repeated here
– instead, references are provided to the relevant paragraphs, as
appropriate.

## Calculation steps

Standardised approach capital requirement for trading desks that are
either out-of-scope for model approval or that have been deemed
ineligible to use the internal models approach is given as:

$C_U = SBM + RRAO + DRC_{SA}$

## Sensitivity Based Method (SBM)

<Note>
  BCBS-457 Reference
  \[MAR21]
  sets out the calculation of the sensitivities-based method under the
  standardised approach for market risk.
</Note>

For each of the "high correlations",  "medium correlations" and "low
correlations"  scenarios as described
in [MAR21.6](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_6),
[MAR21.7](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_7)(1)
states *"the bank must simply sum up the separately calculated delta,
vega and curvature capital requirements for all risk classes to
determine the overall capital requirement for that scenario"*.

So the *SBM Risk Charge* is defined to be to
the highest value of three measures: High Risk Charge, Medium Risk
Charge, and Low Risk Charge

See [SBM Risk Charge](../../../cube/sbm-risk-charge).

### Calculations

{productName} contains measures for the calculation of risk
charges from sensitivities
[MAR21.3](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_3).
The calculation from sensitivity to risk charge takes place in several
steps where the output from one step feeds into the next, creating a
chain of calculations. The chain exposes the intermediate measures for:

* Raw (input) sensitivities on a drill through panel and / or pivot
  view

* Conversion of input sensitivities to a reference currency (if the
  source systems provide native currency sensitivities)

* Calculation of Weighted Sensitivities

* Calculation of the Risk Position

* Calculation of the Risk Charge

### Measures

The output of each stage of the calculation chain is available as a
measure that can be displayed.

For each risk class, the aggregated risk charge is as follows:

$RiskCharge\\\_MediumCorr^{Delta}+RiskCharge\\\_MediumCorr^{Vega}+RiskCharge\\\_MediumCorr^{Curvature}$

See [Aggregated RiskCharge by Class](../../../cube/measures/standardisedapproach/aggregated-riskcharge-by-class/index).

<Note>
  BCBS-457 Reference

  Calculations
  [MAR21.4](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_4) to [MAR21.7](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_7) and risk factor definitions [MAR21.8](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_8) to [MAR21.16](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_16).
</Note>

## Default Risk Charge (DRC)

<Note>
  BCBS-457 Reference

  \[MAR22] sets out the calculation of the default risk capital requirement under the standardised approach for market risk.
</Note>

For information on configuring the data sets, see [DRC Files](../../../input-files/sa_input_files/drc).

### DRC Non-Securitisations (Non-Sec)

The approach for the DRC comprises a four-step procedure:

1. The JTD loss amounts for each instrument, subject to default risk,
   are provided as input to {productName}. The gross JTD can
   either be supplied to {productName}, or it can be calculated
   by the Solution given the LGD, notional and market value.

2. Net long and net short amounts are produced in distinct obligors, by
   the offsetting of the JTD amounts of long and short exposures with
   respect to the same obligor (where permissible).

3. The net short exposures are discounted by a hedge benefit ratio.

4. Default risk weights are applied, to complete the process of
   computing the capital charge.

#### Offsetting and Hedging

Offsetting is the netting of exposures to the same obligor (where a
short exposure may be subtracted in full from a long exposure), while
hedging refers to the application of a partial hedge benefit from the
short exposures (where the risk of long and short exposures in distinct
obligors do not fully offset due to basis or correlation risks).
[MAR21.1](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/21.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_21_20230101_21_1)

The procedure is specified in the references cited above.

<Note>
  BCBS-457 Reference

  The default risk weights as defined in
  [MAR22.24](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_24) and the LGD thresholds in [MAR22.12](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_12) are configurable and held as part of data sets.
</Note>

#### Scaling Factors and Weightings

The scaling factor for maturities less than one year can be calculated
by {productName}  (see references below). A scaling indicator in
the data instructs the Solution whether or not to apply the
scaling at the granularity of the input data or if the maturity should
default to a pre-defined value such as 3 months. The DRC is calculated
per bucket and then aggregated. The Hedge Benefit ratio (HBR) and DRC
are calculated as described in BCBS 457(see below).

<Note>
  BCBS-457 References

  Scaling factor for maturities less than one year is defined in [MAR22.20](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_20).

  Scaling indicator is defined in [MAR22.20](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_20)

  Hedge Benefit ratio (HBR) is calculated as described in [MAR22.23](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_23)

  DRC is calculated according to [MAR22.26](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_26)
</Note>

### DRC Securitisations Non-Correlation Trading Portfolio (Sec Non-CTP)

<Note>
  BCBS-457 References

  This section is concerned with [MAR22.31](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_31) through to [MAR22.35](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_35).
</Note>

The functionality provided is similar to DRC Non-Sec but with bucketing
and risk weights configured appropriately.

The default risk weights for "Sec non-CTP" exposures are the SEC-ERBA
risk weights for long-term ratings.

<Note>
  BCBS-374 Reference

  These risk weights are defined in BCBS 374 - *Paragraph 68*, and
  adjusted for non-senior tranches as per BCBS 374 - *Paragraph 69*.
</Note>

### DRC Securitisations Non-Correlation Trading Portfolio (Sec Non-CTP)

<Note>
  BCBS-457 Reference

  This section is concerned with [MAR22.40](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_40) through to [MAR22.45](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/22.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_22_20230101_22_45).
</Note>

The functionality provided is similar to DRC Non-Sec but with bucketing
and risk weights configured appropriately.

The default risk weights for "Sec CTP" exposures are the SEC-ERBA risk
weights for long-term ratings.

<Note>
  BCBS-374 Reference

  These risk weights are defined in BCBS 374 - *Paragraph 68*, and
  adjusted for non-senior tranches as per BCBS 374 - *Paragraph 69*.
</Note>

Residual Risk Add-On (RRAO)

<Note>
  BCBS reference 457

  \[MAR23] sets out the calculation of residual risk add-on under the standardised
  approach for market risk.

  The risk weight information is available in [MAR23.8](https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/chapter/MAR/23.htm?inforce=20230101\&published=20200327#paragraph_MAR_23_20230101_23_8).
</Note>

{productName} requires the input data to provide a notional per
trade along with an indication as to whether the trade is exotic or not.
See [input file format for Trade Attributes](../../../input-files/trade-attributes).

The risk weight is applied at 1% for exotics and 0.1% for non-exotics.
To set different RRAOs under different weightings use the Parameter
Sets provided in {productName}. See [Parameter Sets What-If widget](../../../what-if/what-if-parameters-widget).